Ai Stacking

Azimuthal stacking is a specialized technique in seismic signal processing that involves summing seismic traces recorded at different azimuthal angles (directions relative to the source) to enhance signal quality and highlight specific subsurface features. This method is particularly useful in detecting and analyzing anisotropy in the subsurface, where the seismic velocity varies depending on the direction of wave propagation. By leveraging azimuthal stacking, geoscientists can better understand the directional properties of the subsurface, such as fractures, stress fields, and other anisotropic features.

In azimuthal stacking, seismic data is first sorted based on the azimuthal angles of the source-receiver pairs. These sorted traces are then stacked, or summed, within specific azimuthal bins. The result is a set of stacked seismic sections, each representing a different range of azimuthal angles. By comparing these sections, variations in amplitude, travel time, and other seismic attributes can be analyzed to infer the presence of anisotropy or directional heterogeneities in the subsurface. This technique is essential for applications such as fracture detection, stress orientation analysis, and improved reservoir characterization.

Azimuthal stacking is often used in conjunction with other advanced processing techniques like Amplitude Versus Azimuth (AVAz) analysis and anisotropic inversion to provide a more detailed and accurate interpretation of the subsurface. The insights gained from azimuthal stacking can lead to better-informed decisions in exploration, development, and production, particularly in complex geological settings where anisotropy plays a significant role.